The GCRG has been a proponent and early adopter of 3-dimensional echocardiography since its advent.  Initial work utilizing this imaging modality defined the dynamic saddle shaped geometry of the normal mitral annulus, as well as pathologic flattening in ischemic cardiomyopathy.  We now continue to employ the use of 3D echo in both human and large-animal work.   Using state-of-the-art post-processing techniques, the GCRG is now actively involved in multiple studies using 3D echo to visualize mitral/aortic leaflet curvature, coaptation zones, and to model leaflet stress.  

3D echocardiogram following dehiscence of flat mitral ring annuloplasty

Saddle annuloplasty repair follow flat mitral annuloplasty dehiscence

3D echocardiogram of a normal aortic valve